How you’re exposed
The quiet ways your information gets out: what’s already public, who’s tracking you, what your devices give away, and the scams and account break-ins worth watching for. All of it in plain English, online and off, with something practical to do about each. Start with what’s already out there about you.
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People-search sites
FixableSites like 192.com that turn your name into your address, phone and relatives.
What's already public about youSee what to doData brokers
FixableFirms that quietly compile and sell a file on you - and your UK rights to stop them.
What's already public about youSee what to doThe open electoral register
FixableThe version of the electoral roll that is sold to anyone - and the free opt-out.
What's already public about youSee what to doYour home address on Companies House
FixableA company director’s home address, left showing on a public filing.
What's already public about youSee what to doProperty ownership on the Land Registry
AwarenessWho owns the house is public - what you can and cannot do about it.
What's already public about youSee what to doCross-site tracking
FixableCookies, pixels and fingerprinting that follow you from site to site.
Who's tracking you onlineSee what to doYour mobile advertising ID
FixableA single ID that ties your whole day across apps to an advertiser’s profile.
Who's tracking you onlineSee what to doFree apps selling your data
FixableA free game or weather app quietly selling your location and contacts.
Who's tracking you onlineSee what to doEmail tracking pixels
AwarenessNewsletters and senders that record when, where and how often you open.
Who's tracking you onlineSee what to doLoyalty cards & retail tracking
AwarenessClubcard points bought with a detailed record of what you buy.
Who's tracking you onlineSee what to doSession-replay scripts
FixableWebsites that record what you type - even the fields you abandon.
Who's tracking you onlineSee what to doPhishing emails
AwarenessA fake message that persuades you to click, sign in or pay.
Scams & deceptionSee what to doSpear-phishing
FixablePhishing written for you alone, using details that make it ring true.
Scams & deceptionSee what to doBusiness email compromise (BEC)
AwarenessA criminal poses as your boss or a supplier to have money sent to them.
Scams & deceptionSee what to doInvoice & bank-detail fraud
AwarenessA convincing invoice carrying the criminal’s bank details.
Scams & deceptionSee what to doCEO / impersonation fraud
Awareness“It’s the boss. I need this done quickly, and quietly.”
Scams & deceptionSee what to doScam texts (smishing)
AwarenessThe same trick by text message - fake deliveries, fines, banks.
Scams & deceptionSee what to doPhone scams (vishing)
AwarenessA convincing phone call claiming to be your bank, or “support”.
Scams & deceptionSee what to doQR-code scams (quishing)
AwarenessA tampered QR code that sends you to a fake site.
Scams & deceptionSee what to doDeepfake voice & video
NewAwarenessCloned voices and faces used to impersonate real people.
Scams & deceptionSee what to doRomance & investment scams
AwarenessA long confidence trick that builds trust, then takes your savings.
Scams & deceptionSee what to doRecruitment & job scams
AwarenessFake jobs that harvest your details, or charge you up front.
Scams & deceptionSee what to doTech-support scams
Awareness“Your computer has a virus” - from someone you never contacted.
Scams & deceptionSee what to doWeak & reused passwords
FixableOne password, used everywhere - the attacker’s master key.
Protecting your accountsSee what to doCredential stuffing
FixableStolen password lists tried automatically against your logins.
Protecting your accountsSee what to doTwo-step fatigue (prompt bombing)
FixableBeing flooded with approval prompts until you tap “yes”.
Protecting your accountsSee what to doSIM-swapping
FixableA criminal hijacks your phone number to catch your codes.
Protecting your accountsSee what to doSession hijacking & cookie theft
FixableStealing the “already signed in” token to skip your password.
Protecting your accountsSee what to doAccount takeover
FixableSomeone gets into your account and shuts you out.
Protecting your accountsSee what to doInfostealer malware
FixableQuiet software that lifts your saved passwords and session cookies.
Protecting your accountsSee what to doTrojans & remote-access tools
FixableA “useful” program that quietly hands over control.
Protecting your accountsSee what to doKeyloggers
FixableSoftware or hardware that records every key you press.
Protecting your accountsSee what to doMalvertising & drive-by downloads
FixablePoisoned adverts that attack you simply for loading a page.
Protecting your accountsSee what to doCryptojacking
FixableYour devices quietly mining cryptocurrency for someone else.
Protecting your accountsSee what to doMobile malware & dodgy apps
FixableHarmful apps and fake “updates” on your phone.
Protecting your accountsSee what to doYour phone as a tracking device
FixableThe one device that logs where you go, who’s near you, and what you photograph.
Your devices, car & homeSee what to doYour connected car
AwarenessModern cars log where you drive, how you drive, and whom you pair.
Your devices, car & homeSee what to doSmart speakers & TVs
AwarenessAlways-listening devices, and TVs that watch what you watch.
Your devices, car & homeSee what to doDoorbells & home cameras
AwarenessYour camera films the neighbours; theirs films you.
Your devices, car & homeSee what to doWhat your network sees
AwarenessYour broadband and mobile provider can see every site you connect to.
Your devices, car & homeSee what to doFace-scanning your photos
FixableYour phone and cloud quietly building a face index of your life.
Your devices, car & homeSee what to doInsecure & public Wi-Fi (evil twin)
AwarenessFake hotspots and open networks that watch your traffic.
Your devices, car & homeSee what to doMan-in-the-middle
AwarenessSomeone quietly sitting between you and the site you are using.
Your devices, car & homeSee what to doLost or stolen devices
FixableA laptop or phone goes missing - with everything on it.
Your devices, car & homeSee what to doShoulder surfing & screen snooping
AwarenessWatching eyes reading your screen, or your keystrokes.
Your devices, car & homeSee what to doEmployer monitoring
AwarenessEmail, chat, keystrokes, webcam and location - tracked as “productivity”.
Work, school & institutionsSee what to doSchool devices & monitoring
AwarenessA child’s whole day on a Chromebook the school can read.
Work, school & institutionsSee what to doEd-tech data
AwarenessClassroom apps whose privacy policy is really a commercial licence.
Work, school & institutionsSee what to doThe background-check industry
FixableScreening firms that never forget an old address or a closed matter.
Work, school & institutionsSee what to doInsurance telematics
AwarenessA discount for a box that reports how you drive - or how you sleep.
Work, school & institutionsSee what to doID & age-check mandates
AwarenessRight-to-work, right-to-rent and age checks - each a fresh copy of your ID.
Work, school & institutionsSee what to doDoxxing & harassment
FixableYour private details published to intimidate, or to endanger you.
Platforms & social lifeSee what to doSocial media as a permanent record
FixableOld posts, tags by other people, and photos that never really go away.
Platforms & social lifeSee what to doContact uploading
FixableOne friend installing an app can hand over your number and details.
Platforms & social lifeSee what to doAI training on your posts
AwarenessYour posts, photos and messages used to train the platform’s AI.
Platforms & social lifeSee what to doMessaging metadata
FixableEven encrypted chat shows who you talked to, and when.
Platforms & social lifeSee what to doWhat the feed infers about you
AwarenessPolitical, health and personal guesses drawn from what you pause on.
Platforms & social lifeSee what to doHealth & period-tracking apps
AwarenessPeriod, fertility, mental-health and symptom apps holding your most private data.
Health, money & the bodySee what to doBiometric enrolment
AwarenessYour face, voice and fingerprints, taken and kept longer than the moment needs.
Health, money & the bodySee what to doMedical records, used again
AwarenessHealth data “de-identified”, then re-linked, and shared or sold on.
Health, money & the bodySee what to doState surveillance powers
AwarenessWhat the law lets the state collect - the backdrop to everything else.
State access & surveillanceSee what to doFacial recognition
AwarenessLive and retrospective face-matching against public and police cameras.
State access & surveillanceSee what to doBorder device searches
AwarenessAt the border, officers can ask to examine your phone and laptop.
State access & surveillanceSee what to doANPR & movement logs
AwarenessNumber-plate cameras recording where your car goes, kept for years.
State access & surveillanceSee what to doBroken access control
Tech teamPeople reaching data or actions they should never be allowed.
Running a website or small orgSee what to doInjection (incl. SQL injection)
Tech teamHostile input your app or database runs as instructions.
Running a website or small orgSee what to doCross-site scripting (XSS)
Tech teamMalicious scripts planted in your pages, run by your visitors.
Running a website or small orgSee what to doSecurity misconfiguration
Tech teamDoors left open: default passwords, exposed panels, missing settings.
Running a website or small orgSee what to doSupply-chain attacks
Tech teamA trusted supplier or code library is compromised - and so are you.
Running a website or small orgSee what to doExposed secrets & API keys
Tech teamPasswords and keys left, by accident, in code or in the open.
Running a website or small orgSee what to doInsecure APIs
Tech teamThe behind-the-scenes connections between apps, left under-guarded.
Running a website or small orgSee what to doServer-side request forgery (SSRF)
Tech teamTricking your own server into fetching what it should not.
Running a website or small orgSee what to doUnpatched software & zero-days
FixableKnown holes left unfixed - the attacker’s preferred shortcut.
Running a website or small orgSee what to doExposed remote access (RDP/VPN)
Tech teamRemote sign-in doors left open to the whole internet.
Running a website or small orgSee what to doRansomware
FixableYour files locked and scrambled until you pay - perhaps.
Running a website or small orgSee what to doDenial-of-service (DDoS)
Tech teamFlooding your site with traffic until it falls over.
Running a website or small orgSee what to doDNS hijacking & domain takeover
FixableYour web address pointed at the attacker’s server - or taken outright.
Running a website or small orgSee what to doMisconfigured cloud storage
Tech teamFiles meant to be private, quietly left open to the world.
Running a website or small orgSee what to doData leakage & oversharing
Tech teamSensitive information slipping out through everyday mistakes.
Running a website or small orgSee what to doShadow IT
Tech teamStaff using apps and services no one has checked or approved.
Running a website or small orgSee what to doThird-party / vendor breach
Tech teamYour data exposed because a supplier was breached.
Running a website or small orgSee what to doInsider threat
FixableHarm from someone on the inside - careless or deliberate.
Running a website or small orgSee what to doTailgating & physical access
Tech teamSomeone walking in behind you through a locked door.
Running a website or small orgSee what to doUSB drop attacks
Tech teamA “lost” memory stick, left for a curious person to plug in.
Running a website or small orgSee what to doAI prompt injection
NewTech teamHidden instructions that hijack what an AI assistant does.
Running a website or small orgSee what to do